Evaluation of cytotoxic and antiviral activities of aqueous leaves extracts of different plants against foot and mouth disease virus infection in farming animals

Cytotoxic and antiviral activity of aqueous leaves extracts of three plants: Azadirachta indica, Moringa oleifera and Moms alba against Foot and Mouth disease virus [FMDV] were determined using MTT assay [3-[4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]. Eight different concentrations of each plant were evaluated. Cytotoxic and antiviral activity of each extract was evaluated as cell survival percentage and results were expressed as Means +/- S.D. From the tested plant extracts, Azadirachta indica and Moringa oleifera exhibited cytotoxicity at 200 and 100 microg/ml respectively. In case of antiviral assay, Moringa oleifera showed potent antiviral activity [p<0.05] while Azadirachta indica showed significant antiviral activity in the range of 12.5-50 microg/ml and 50-100 microg/ml respectively. In contrast no anti-FMDV activity in the present study was observed with Morus alba, although all the tested concentrations were found to be safe

Effects of Auricular Acupressure Therapy on Nocturia and Insomnia in the Elderly / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to confirm the effects of auricular acupressure therapy on insomnia and nocturia in the elderly. METHODS: This study was a nonequivalent control group pre-post test design. Data collection was conducted from July 1 to August 31, 2013. Subjects were set for totally 36 people with 18 people in the experimental group and 18 people in the control group among the elderly over the age of 60 in silver town, welfare center, and senior citizen center where are located in Seoul area. For the experimental group, auricular acupressure therapy was applied two times during 5 days by fixing it to auricular reaction site with tape using Sinapis alba L. seeds. With SPSS/WIN 19.0 program, the collected data were analyzed. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the sleeping score and sleeping satisfaction were improved and nocturia frequency was lowered in the experimental group who applied auricular acupressure therapy. CONCLUSION: Auricular acupressure therapy was considered to be likely useful therapeutic method for the effects of relieving nocturia and insomnia in elderly.

Micromorphological comparative identification between several Chinese herbal medicines and their counterfeits / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify comparatively several commercial Chinese herbal medicines and their counterfeits.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The micromorphological characters were identified. The shape, surface, section and other characters of the medicinal materials were identified by using anatomical lens and scanning apparatus. Pictures were taken and saved.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Main micromorphological differences between several Chinese herbal medicine including Lonicera macranthoides, L. similis, Cuminum cyminum, Plantago asiatica, Cuscuta chinensis, Sinapis alba, Salvia miltiorrhiza and their counterfeits were identified.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The reference for the authenticity identification of Chinese herbal medicine and helpful experiences for the research of the same subject were provided.</p>

HPLC fingerprints of processed products from Sinapis alba / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the HPLC fingerprint method and compare the changes of chemical compositions of the processed products from Sinapis alba.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The procedure of HPLC analysis was performed on a agilent TC-C18 (2) column at 35 degrees C with the acetonitrile -0.1% phosphoric acid in gradient elution as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm, and the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). The similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine (Version 2004 A) was applied to analyze the similarity.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The average similarities among the processed products were over 0.96, the standard HPLC fingerprint and five main chromatographic peaks with the isolated compounds was obtained and identified.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The established methods with two solvents are suitable for the HPLC fingerprints determination which elementary elucidate the scientific intensions of breaking the enzyme for glycosides.</p>

Studies on chemical components of essential oil of crude semen sinapis and roasted semen sinapis / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical components of the essential oil of the Semen Sinapis with the different processing methods.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The essential oils of the crude Semen Sinapis and the roasted Semen Sinapis were extracted by steam distillation. The chemical components were analyzed by means of GC-MS-DS. The relative content of each component was calculated by area normalization.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The main chemical components of the essential oil of the crude Semen Sinapis and the roasted Semen Sinapis were similar. The main chemical components were allyl isothiocyanate and 4-isothio-cyanato-1-butene. The chemical components of the essential oil of the crude Semen Sinapis were more than that of the roasted Semen Sinapis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The effect of different processing methods on the chemical components of the essential oil of Semen Sinapis was significant. Certain chemical components such as isothiocyanato-containing substances, were found in the crude Semen Sinapis.</p>